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Coronaviruses and kidney injury

This is a topical review of the effects of coronaviruses on the kidney and includes a description of the mechanisms of kidney damage by SARS, MERS and COVID-19. The authors quote two previous reports which estimate the incidence of acute...

Sperm selection techniques in assisted reproductive technologies: state of the ART?

Infertility is the inability to achieve pregnancy following one year of regular, unprotected intercourse (in the fertile phase of the menstrual cycle). Infertility is a common problem that affects between 7 and 15% of couples worldwide, with male factor infertility...

A sigma six approach to improving nephrostomy and antegrade stent services at a district general hospital – an audit project

As hospitals merge into larger trusts there becomes a centralisation of some services. Interventional radiology (IR) has been one of those services. Our district general hospital runs bi-weekly lR lists following service centralisation. Urology and IR most commonly liaise on...

PSA screening in limbo: how low should we go?

One may wonder how the management of prostate cancer could have evolved differently if it had followed a path similar to breast cancer. In breast cancer, early detection in the 1970s relied heavily on imaging because no reliable circulating biomarker...

Sepsis syndrome in urology

There are approximately 100,000 cases of sepsis per year in the UK, of which 37,000 result in death (this is more than prostate cancer, breast cancer, HIV / AIDS and road traffic accidents combined). Urosepsis is defined as sepsis caused...

Visual-estimation (cognitive), image-fusion (software) and in-bore targeted prostate biopsy: is there an optimal approach?

The diagnostic superiority of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) prior to targeted and systematic prostate biopsy over systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsy alone in the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) has been proven by multiple level 1 studies...

Standard versus expanded cultures to diagnose UTIs in women

Clinicians are well aware of the limitations of the so-called Kass criteria applied to standard urine culture (SUC) techniques as well as the limitations of empiric antibiotic prescribing for symptoms that are known to overlap with chronic conditions such as...

Prostate cancer detection rate of MRI-TRUS fusion vs. systematic biopsy

With the advent of one-stop prostate cancer diagnostic clinics, the findings of this study are of interest to readers who may be considering introducing the technique of magnetic resonance imaging transrectal ultrasound (MRI-TRUS) fusion biopsies to their practice. A retrospective...

Renal calculi: the role of imaging in pregnancy

Nephrolithiasis is the most common cause of non-obstetric abdominal pain in pregnancy. Accurate diagnosis is imperative as stone related complications can lead to pre-eclampsia, urosepsis, and premature labour [1,2]. In the general population, non-contrast cross sectional imaging is recommended by...

Evaluation of the learning curve for learning MRI-US fusion prostate biopsies

With the advent of one-stop prostate cancer diagnostic clinics, the findings of this study are of interest to readers who may be implementing MRI-US transrectal or transperineal fusion biopsies to their clinical practice. This prospective cohort study evaluated 779 consecutive...

The role of an enhanced recovery protocol in patients undergoing robotic radical cystectomy

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are patient pathways designed to reduce surgical stress and accelerate postoperative recovery. Uptake of such protocols in colorectal surgery in particular has been high, however ERAS protocols developed or utilised in urological surgery have...

Quality Improvement – how to get involved?

The General Medical Council (GMC) requires all trainee doctors to carry out Quality Improvement (QI) as part of our annual appraisal process [1]. Exactly what QI projects are and how to get involved is less widely understood. Traditionally surgical trainees...