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Urethral pathology

1 September 2019 | URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology, URO - Infection, URO - Trauma & Emergency
Case 1 A 43-year-old lady presents with urinary incontinence and vaginal pain associated with intercourse. An initial CT scan is performed. Case courtesy of Radswiki, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 12056. Case courtesy of Radswiki, Radiopaedia.org, rID: 12056 What is the clinical diagnosis...

Penile cancer

1 July 2021 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
Case 1 A 67-year-old man presents with a worsening red patch over the past three months. It looks velvety in some areas. What is the most likely diagnosis? What are the risk factors? How do you classify this condition? How...

MRI targeted transperineal prostate biopsy: a local anaesthetic approach

1 March 2018 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
Transperineal template biopsy remains the gold standard investigation in diagnosis of prostate cancer. Data from the PROMIS study demonstrated the low sensitivity of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) biopsy as a diagnostic tool, and highlighted the need for a better diagnostic pathway....

Urethroplasty: a review of indications, techniques and outcomes

1 March 2018 | | URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology
Urethral stricture is the most common cause of lower urinary tract obstruction in men aged between 20 and 40, carrying an estimated overall prevalence of 0.5% in the UK [1] and results in around 17,000 hospital admissions annually [2]. Endoscopic...

What’s new in post prostatectomy incontinence?

1 January 2017 | | URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology
With an ageing population, the number of men being diagnosed with prostate cancer each year is steadily rising. With more specific investigations, such as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MpMRI) and transperineal biopsies, the number of cases diagnosed at an earlier...

Fournier’s gangrene

1 May 2015 | | URO - Infection
Introduction Fournier’s gangrene (FG) is a rare but fulminant form of infective necrotising fasciitis affecting the perineum and external genitalia, which can rapidly progress along fascial planes. It most commonly affects men, but can occur in women and children, with...

Endoscopic management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma

1 January 2014 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare disease accounting for 5-10% of all urothelial carcinomas and has an annual incidence in Western countries of 1-2 per 100,000 [1,2]. It occurs more commonly in the pelvicalyceal system as opposed to...

Klinefelter’s syndrome

7 January 2020 | | URO - Andrology, URO - Basic Science Research, URO - Paediatrics
Klinefelter’s syndrome (KF) is the most frequent sex chromosome abnormality with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 500 to 1 in 700 newborn males and 1 in 10 in men with azoospermia. While the majority of cases are an XXY...

The role of transperineal template biopsies in the diagnosis of prostate cancer

1 March 2014 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
The case In 2002, Mr A, a 64-year-old software engineer, was referred by his GP for further investigation of a raised prostate specific antigen (PSA) of 6.2. His prostate felt benign. He underwent transrectal ultrasound guided (TRUS) prostate biopsies. This...

HIV / AIDS – implications for the urologist

1 May 2015 | | URO - Infection
“It’s no fun to have HIV even though it’s viewed as a chronic, controllable disease. It means being wedded to the health system.” - Philip Berger, Associate Professor in the Department of Family and Community Medicine, Toronto, Canada; and leading...

Advanced renal tumours

4 November 2025 | | URO - Urologic Oncology
Case 1 A 67-year-old gentleman underwent a CT scan after presenting with visible haematuria and weight loss. His comorbidities include hypertension, type II diabetes mellitis and hypercholesterolaemia. He is a smoker. Figure 1. Figure 2. What do Figures 1 and...

Infections and inflammation: Part 1

1 November 2018 | URO - Infection
See also Part 2 and Part 3. Case 1 A 59-year-old man presented with right loin pain. His GP arranged for him to have an intravenous urogram (IVU) and subsequent CT urogram performed. What is the likely diagnosis? What are...