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The risk of tumour recurrence in patients undergoing renal transplantation for end-stage renal disease

End stage renal disease (ESRD) patients in need of a kidney transplant who have a previous history of urological cancer should undergo a cancer-free waiting period before receiving a kidney transplant. Currently the recommended waiting time is based on the...

Comparing intravesical chemohyperthermia with Mitomycin C versus BCG in treating bladder cancer

In the advent of the recent Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) crisis, the importance of alternative adjuvant treatments for intermediate- and high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has been highlighted. Chemohyperthermia (CHT) has emerged as an option, however there remains a lack of...

HPV prevalence in invasive penile cancer and association with clinical outcome

Penile cancer risks can be increased by a number of causes such as smoking, phimosis, poor hygiene, multiple sexual partners and history of gential warts or other sexually transmitted diseases. It has been found that circumcised men have a lower...

Can PET/CT help in selecting treatment for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer more appropriately?

Radical cystectomy is one of the most drastic procedures that urological patients have to undergo with a five-year mortality of around 50% in those with organ-confined disease at presentation. Traditional imaging is with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) but lymphadenectomy often...