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The future of bladder preservation for muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Localised muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) has historically been treated with radical cystectomy (RC), but bladder preservation therapy (BPT) has emerged as a credible and increasingly refined alternative. Early work by Herr in the 1980s demonstrated that radical transurethral resection of...

Refining the role of androgen deprivation therapy after radical prostatectomy

A rising prostate specific antigen (PSA) after radical prostatectomy represents a pivotal moment in prostate cancer management, with salvage radiation therapy (RT) the standard intervention. However, the optimal role and duration of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) alongside RT remain debated....

Prostate size in transwomen on gender-affirming hormone therapy

This study examined prostate size and characteristics in transgender females (TF) receiving hormone therapy (HT) and androgen deprivation (AD). Although gender-affirming surgery may include orchiectomy and vaginoplasty, most TF and gender-nonconforming individuals who were assigned male at birth retain their...

Improving on the Rotterdam Prostate Cancer Risk Calculator

Following the PROMIS trial [1], many cancer centres in the UK are now offering pre-biopsy multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) for men suitable for radical treatment. The European Association of Urology for Prostate Cancer (PCa) guidelines recommend individual risk stratification before the...