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Imaging and radiology

Case 1 What radiological test is this and what does it show? What is the typical radio-nucleotide used for this study, what is its half-life and how is it excreted? Approximately how long does this study take to perform? What...

Technology – Part 2

Case 1 Name the machine shown in the picture and describe how it works. What is the standard frequency of ultrasound waves in this machine? What frequency of ultrasound waves are utilised in an abdominal and scrotal ultrasound? Case 2...

Demanding cases or nightmares in endourology? May/June 2017

In the sixth article in this series the authors describe endourology nightmares involving ileal conduits and calculi. Case 1 A 69-year-old man who had a cystectomy and ileal conduit for muscle invasive bladder cancer, presented with an acute kidney injury...

Demanding cases or nightmares in endourology? Jan/Feb 2017

In the fifth article in this series the authors describe some of the most complex cases they have encountered. Case 1 A 45-year-old woman was admitted under the care of the medical team with shortness of breath, renal failure and...

Prostate cancer spit test could save the NHS £500 million a year

Thousands of men could have their prostate cancer diagnosed at an earlier stage when it is easier and cheaper to treat, thanks to a new spit test which can be taken at home. An innovative new study launched this week,...

Peyronie’s disease: a review and update

Peyronie’s disease (PD) describes an acquired disease of the penis, which is characterised by a number of signs and symptoms. These include penile pain, curvature, palpable plaques, wasting or narrowing of the penile shaft, a hinge deformity and potentially catastrophic...

Challenges in urology during and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a trainee perspective

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected urological practice in many ways and at all levels. Social media has been set alight with the hashtag #NoTrainingTodayNoSurgeonsTomorrow highlighting the undesired consequences of the reduction in training opportunities. The impact has been considered by...

The surgical management of female stress urinary incontinence in a post-mesh era

Trends in surgical management of women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) have changed in recent times, mainly due to the ‘High Vigilance Pause’ placed on the use of mesh for SUI (and prolapse) surgery in July 2018 following an independent...

The role of conservative renal colic treatment

Acute renal colic is a common emergency condition, which can arise from a variety of underlying conditions that affect the urinary tract, but it is usually associated with the passage of ureteral stones. Before considering expectant management or active intervention,...

Emphysematous pyelonephritis: a review

Introduction Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is an acute, severe, necrotising, bacterial infection of the renal parenchyma and surrounding tissues, with gas in the renal parenchyma, collecting system or perinephric tissue. Although it is rare, it is potentially life threatening and early...

An algorithm for the management of haemorrhagic cystitis

Haemorrhagic cystitis (HC) can be one of the most difficult conditions to treat in urological practice. It is characterised by intractable bleeding from the bladder and may be acute or chronic. The most frequently reported causal factors are radiotherapy (RT)...

Use of Clavien-Dindo classification in urology part 2 – upper tract

A classification system of surgical complications was proposed by Clavien in 1992 [1] and further modified by Dindo in 2004 [2]. Clavien-Dindo classification has since then been validated through many retrospective case series as well as in comparative studies to...