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Does maternal exposure during pregnancy to higher ambient temperature increase the risk of hypospadias?

The search for the causes of hypospadias continues at a pace. These authors from Turkey extrapolated other findings about the higher incidence of congenital anomalies in babies during summer months’ gestation to studying the risks of high ambient temperature during...

Predictive factors for conservative treatment failure in paediatric blunt renal trauma

Blunt renal trauma is managed conservatively in children in the vast majority of cases. Grade IV renal injury is also generally managed non-operatively although occasionally intervention is needed for a urinoma that fails to settle. These authors retrospectively looked at...

Sacral agenesis and neurogenic bladder: long-term outcomes of bladder and kidney function

These authors looked at single institution outcomes for sacral agenesis (without spina bifida) with reference to renal function and bladder function. All had urodynamics either at diagnosis (56%) or soon after. Of 43 patients (23 female, 20 male), 37 had...

Bladder urothelial neoplasms in children

Urothelial bladder neoplasms are rare in children, occurring in 0.1-0.4% of the population before the age of 20. There are no current paediatric guidelines to their management. This study retrospectively reviews the files of patients from three tertiary centres between...

Bladder debris on ultrasound as a predictor for positive urine culture

One of the common ultrasound findings in children who undergo renal tract evaluation is ‘debris in the bladder’. The aetiology of bladder debris is varied and the likelihood that urinary debris represents positive urine culture is debatable. The authors of...

Reducing the burden of NMIBC: outpatient laser management in morbid patients

With non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) posing a significant burden on urological departments, alternative ways of safely and effectively managing these patients with a minimally invasive approach is desirable. As rates of recurrence are high but progression rates low, and...

Can PET/CT help in selecting treatment for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer more appropriately?

Radical cystectomy is one of the most drastic procedures that urological patients have to undergo with a five-year mortality of around 50% in those with organ-confined disease at presentation. Traditional imaging is with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) but lymphadenectomy often...

Delayed decompression of the infected obstructed kidney increases fatality

Well, we know this, I hear you all say. It is standard practice that the obstructed kidney with associated infection requires prompt decompression, and this is drilled into all UK trainees. It is surprising therefore that although we frequently deal...

Is antibiotic prophylaxis warranted in hypospadias repairs?

Hypospadias repair is a common paediatric urological procedure. Complication rates following hypospadias repair are variable (ranging from 5–10% for distal hypospadias repairs and as high as 32–70% for proximal repairs). Limiting surgical site infections by minimising infection through antibiotic prophylaxis...