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New therapy for overactive bladder
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a complex symptom that can adversely affect quality of life. So far pharmacotherapy has focused on anti-cholinergic drugs. Recently, beta-adrenoreceptors have been identified as having an effect on the detrusor muscle and urothelium. Beta-3 is the...
Retention after Botox therapy in OAB
Treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) has a wide spectrum. The first step is lifestyle modifications, the second step is pharmacotherapy and the third line is intradetrusor injections with Botox®. This retrospective study is from Tennessee, USA in non-neurogenic and refractory...Clinical trials 1
Clinical Trials 2 is available here. Case 1 1. What are the levels of clinical evidence based on the 2009 definitions from the ‘Oxford CEBM’? 2. What is the null hypothesis? 3. What are type 1 and type 2 errors?...Supporting return to clinical practice
There are many reasons for a clinician to take time away from clinical practice. These include parental leave, research, a period of ill health, a career break, or the opportunity to spend time pursuing other interests. At any one time,...
Call for standardised reporting of adverse events
This article will be of immense benefit to all of us involved in mortality and morbidity meetings and Clinical Governance, especially registrars and junior members of the team. The authors present data from the UK, USA and Europe. In prostate...APAM (Association of Physicians of Great Britain and Ireland) 118th Annual Meeting 2025
Welcome to APAM 2025 - What Awaits? APAM 2025, the 118th Annual Meeting of the AoPGBI, will take place on 3–4 April 2025 at the Royal College of Physicians in London. This prestigious event will bring together leading clinicians, researchers,...Paediatric urology – peno-scrotal
Case 1 A four-year-old boy presents to clinic following GP referral unable to retract the foreskin (Figure 1). Figure 1. What is the diagnosis? The above condition may be pathological or physiological; clinically how can you differentiate this? Explain the...Biomarkers in prostate cancer detection
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cancer in men with an estimated prevalence of 1.1 million worldwide in 2012. This heterogeneous disease resulted in approximately 307,000 deaths, making it the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death in men...
