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1257 results found

Upper tract abnormalities

11 July 2023 | | URO - Paediatrics, URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology
Case 1 Figure 1. A 26-year-old female presents to A&E with loin pain. What do the CT images in Figures 1 (left, centre and right) show? What is the prevalence of the congenital anomaly in the general population, and is...

Purple urine bag syndrome

1 July 2021 | | URO - Infection, URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology, URO - Trauma & Emergency
Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) is an uncommon phenomenon where the tubing and urinary catheter bag is noticed to undergo purple discolouration. This has been linked with urinary tract infections (UTI), chronic debilitated states and prolonged catheterisation. PUBS was noticed...

A negative ureteroscopy for stone disease: is it acceptable and is it avoidable?

1 September 2018 | | URO - Endourology & Stones
Urinary tract stone disease and the consequent demand for endoscopic intervention in the upper urinary tract is an increasing phenomenon [1]. Although ureteroscopy is generally considered to be associated with low morbidity [2], risks do exist. Recognised complications include urothelial...
International Urogynecology Journal cover image.

Recurrent urinary tract infections in women

1 May 2016 | | URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology, URO - Infection
This review article defined women who had recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) as having either ≥ two episodes in the last six months or ≥ three episodes in the last 12 months. Using a number of databases, including the Cochrane...
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England cover image.

Durability and complications of photoselective vaporisation of the prostate with GreenLightTM

1 January 2015 | | URO - Endourology & Stones
Alternatives to the standard transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in the management of bladder outflow obstruction due to prostatic hypertrophy are becoming more common. In this retrospective case series, the outcomes of 117 patients undergoing GreenLightTM lithium triborate photoselective...

Nephrocalcinosis

1 May 2017 | | URO - Endourology & Stones
Case 1 What does this x-ray of the kidney, ureter and bladder (KUB) show? What are the likely causes? What is the pathology behind medullary sponge kidneys (MSK)? What is the risk of urolithiasis with MSK? How are such patients...

Prostate Scotland statement on National Screening Committee recommendation

2 December 2025
Prostate Scotland notes the recommendation from the UK National Screening Committee (NSC) on Friday 28 November 2025 to introduce targeted prostate cancer screening only for men with confirmed BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene variants. While this represents an important first step...

Establishing the Southwest Catheter Skills Course – a closed loop quality improvement project

18 July 2024 | | URO - Trauma & Emergency, URO - Functional / Reconstructive Urology, URO - Infection
The General Medical Council states that foundation year doctors should be able to carry out male and female urethral catheterisation safely under direct supervision [1]. A 2014 survey of medical students demonstrated that 40% and 64% had never performed male...

Artificial intelligence

1 March 2019 | | URO - Technology
Artificial intelligence concerns me. Generally, people still tend to be concerned that their livelihoods will be replaced by an all powerful, all knowing artificial intelligence (AI) system. This at a time when the world’s largest technology companies (Amazon, Google, Apple),...

Rotterdam Prostate Cancer Risk app

1 July 2014 | | URO - Urologic Oncology, URO - Technology
The widespread use of prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing has led to diagnostic difficulties for patients and urologists. The sensitivity and specificity characteristics of PSA are far from optimal. To try and improve the predictive accuracy of PSA measurements, nomograms...

How to organise a urology taster week as a foundation trainee

5 November 2019 | | URO - Core Urology
Current exposure to urology in medical undergraduate curriculums is relatively sparse in comparison to the other surgical specialties with one study reporting just 42% of students having a compulsory attachment. These attachments were an average length of just one week...

Clinical trials 1

1 January 2017 | URO - Basic Science Research
Clinical Trials 2 is available here. Case 1 1. What are the levels of clinical evidence based on the 2009 definitions from the ‘Oxford CEBM’? 2. What is the null hypothesis? 3. What are type 1 and type 2 errors?...