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The bulbocavernosus reflex

Despite its first discovery predating the early-1940s, clinical application of the bulbocavernosus reflex (BCR) has been limited to date. The BCR traditionally involves contraction of the bulbo- and ischiocavernosus pelvic floor muscles, often referred to as the ‘bulbocavernosus muscle’, in...

A negative ureteroscopy for stone disease: is it acceptable and is it avoidable?

Urinary tract stone disease and the consequent demand for endoscopic intervention in the upper urinary tract is an increasing phenomenon [1]. Although ureteroscopy is generally considered to be associated with low morbidity [2], risks do exist. Recognised complications include urothelial...

Penile Mondor’s disease

Mondor’s disease is a rare, self-limiting entity characterised by subcutaneous chord like bands throughout the body. These bands arise due to phlebitis of the subcutaneous vessels. Penile Mondor’s disease (PMD) is an isolated superficial thrombophlebitis of the superficial dorsal vein...

A short history of nephrectomy

In this series of articles I am going to show you some of the exhibits contained in the Museum of Urology, hosted on the BAUS website (www.baus.org.uk). In the last article I promised to tell you about removing kidneys, by...

Andrology (2020)

Case 1 What is the diagnosis based on the blood test, and how is the diagnosis made? What additional blood tests are required? What are the clinical manifestations of this? What are the options / modes of delivery for treatment?...

Renal calculi composition – Hounsfield units or dual energy CT?

In this, the inaugural uro-radiology article, Jane Belfield (Section Editor) considers the significance of Hounsfield units in defining stone composition. Despite its widespread adoption and referencing in stone MDTs, there are some very clear limitations. Jane explores the potential role...

Urology patient assessment – importance of holistic approach – new paradigm

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) seems to affect 30% of the general population above 65 and its presence has a wide range of significance. This is a prospective single centre study to look at MCI in adult urological patients above 18...

Use of MRI in the evaluation of prostate cancer: part 1

Introduction Prostate cancer remains the most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the second leading cause of cancer related deaths in UK men, after lung cancer [1]. The incidence of prostate cancer in the UK has shown a rapid increase...

Demanding cases or nightmares in endourology? May/Jun 2016

In the third article in this series the authors describe their experience with the very rare indications for laparoscopic stone surgery. Case 1 A 44-year-old woman presented with several months of malaise and right flank pain. A CT scan demonstrated...

The BSoT buddy scheme at BAUS 2023: a new initiative for fostering international relationships

The BSoT committee at BAUS, many of whom where involved with the inaugural buddy scheme. The buddy background By Nicholas Boxall, Specialty Registrar, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Immediate Past Chair of BSoT. The BAUS Section of Trainees (BSoT)...

What is the role of evidence-based medicine in urology?

The concept of ‘evidence-based medicine’ (EBM) was first developed in the early 1990s and was described as “the conscientious, explicit and judicious use of the current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients” by the recently...

Recent developments in bladder cancer – NMIBC

Every year, roughly 10,300 individuals are diagnosed with bladder cancer in the UK, making it the 11th most common cancer in the UK, and the eighth most common cancer in men [1]. Of those diagnosed with the disease, 75-85% will...