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Emphysematous pyelonephritis: a review
Introduction Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) is an acute, severe, necrotising, bacterial infection of the renal parenchyma and surrounding tissues, with gas in the renal parenchyma, collecting system or perinephric tissue. Although it is rare, it is potentially life threatening and early...
Comparing treatment modalities for transplant kidney VUR in the paediatric population
The management of Transplant kidney vesicoureteral reflux in the paediatric population is a heavily debated issue and Deflux® injection to manage VUR is both widely described in the literature and commonly practised. In this paper, these authors have put forth...
Hypercalciuria in children with monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis
Nocturnal enuresis, defined as intermittent urinary incontinence, regardless of the presence or absence of daytime symptoms, is common. Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis – MSNE (no daytime symptoms) has four main causes identified with it: poor vasopressin action, nocturnal polyuria, poor arousal...
New therapy for overactive bladder
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a complex symptom that can adversely affect quality of life. So far pharmacotherapy has focused on anti-cholinergic drugs. Recently, beta-adrenoreceptors have been identified as having an effect on the detrusor muscle and urothelium. Beta-3 is the...Functional and reconstructive urology
Case 1 A 45-year-old female presents with a one-year history of urinary leakage, especially worse on coughing. She is otherwise well, with no co-morbidities. What is the International Continence Society (ICS) definition of stress urinary incontinence (SUI)? What are the...
Clinical Application of Urological Catheters, Devices and Products
This is a very well written and presented reference which brings together the collective experience and knowledge of a multidisciplinary authorship. As a staff nurse in a urology unit that uses catheters and other urological devices on a daily basis,...
Rectal swab guided antibiotics for TRUS biopsy
This is a single centre retrospective study to examine the effect of rectal swab culture-directed prophylaxis on the incidence of prostate biopsy associated infections. Secondary objectives were to determine the rate of fluoroquinolone resistance and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production in local...
Urachal anomalies in children: surgical or conservative treatment?
Urachal anomalies are rare with an incidence of 1:5000-8000 live births. There is still some controversy as to whether to treat them expectantly or surgically with published reports describing malignant changes in adulthood. These authors describe their retrospective series of...
Is surgical antibiotic prophylaxis necessary for paediatric orchiopexy?
With the rise of resistant organisms to most commonly used antibiotics, there is a plea for judicious use of antibiotics, especially for clean surgical procedures. Potential adverse events associated with antibiotic use include allergic reaction (including anaphylaxis), clostridium difficile infection,...
Standard versus expanded cultures to diagnose UTIs in women
Clinicians are well aware of the limitations of the so-called Kass criteria applied to standard urine culture (SUC) techniques as well as the limitations of empiric antibiotic prescribing for symptoms that are known to overlap with chronic conditions such as...Trials offering cytoreductive surgery for men with de novo synchronous metastatic prostate cancer
Life expectancy in men diagnosed with de novo synchronous metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) has risen to a median of 4.8 years with upfront systemic agents (such as docetaxel) in addition to standard androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) [1-3]. Within this...
