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Imaging and Intervention in Urinary Tract Infections and Urosepsis

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are highly prevalent in the community and account for approximately 40% of hospital-acquired infections. Yet, they are often underestimated and under-diagnosed: as one chapter of this book is entitled, nothing is simple about acute pyelonephritis. This...

Sexual dysfunction following prostate cancer treatment

Prostate cancer is common with over 52,300 new cases diagnosed annually in the UK; this is expected to rise by 15% between 2023-2025 and 2038-2040 [1]. Radical prostatectomy continues to be the most common form of radical treatment for men...

Uncovering the fate of small residual fragments

The concept of ‘stone free’ remains an enigma. To some urologists this refers to complete removal of all visible fragments, to others its removal of all ‘clinically significant’ fragments (generally regarded as fragments >2mm), and to some it is absence...

Do stones still kill?

This paper is a retrospective analysis of deaths ascribed to stone disease in England and Wales over a 15-year period. The data was obtained from the Office of National Statistics, based on mortality derived from death certificates. One thousand, nine...

Thulium laser: the new kid ‘en bloc’

Transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) is considered the gold standard for management of bladder cancer. Residual rates of 15-53% at second TURB and upstaging rates of 4-29% with muscle invasion have been reported. The quality and result of the...

Percutaneous ultrasound guided endoscopic lavage of perinephric abscess – different, but not necessarily better

Perinephric abscess is an uncommon but serious form of urosepsis. It develops as a consequence of the extension of an infection outside of the parenchyma of the kidney in acute pyelonephritis, or more rarely from haematogeneous spread of an infection...

Results of HoLEP in patients with prostate cancer and LUTS

Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) is recommended for the management of benign prostatic obstruction. With similar functional outcomes and less morbidity compared to transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), it has become a useful tool in the armament...

Comparison of PCNL under spinal versus general anaesthesia

There are several advantages of performing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) under spinal anaesthesia including lower cost, reduced adverse effects and less tracheal tube displacement. Another advantage is that the patient remains awake throughout making positioning easier and reducing the risk of...

Is the safety wire during ureteroscopy mandatory?

Traditional principles of ureteroscopic training involve the almost religious passage of a safety guide wire (SGW) into the ureter prior to ureteroscopy (URS). The authors compare the clinical outcomes of URS for ureteral stones in two university hospitals with opposite...

Managing staghorn calculi – a return to the dark ages of stone surgery with the aid of the robot

Khurshid Ghani and colleagues present a novel, yet all too familiar, approach to the management of patients with staghorn calculi, in the form of anatrophic nephrolithotomy - however with the aid of a robot. The aim of this study is...

Prilocaine irrigation for pain relief after TURP

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is one of the commonest procedures undertaken by urologists. There are well known complications following the procedure which commonly include haematuria but also TUR syndrome, failure to pass urine and infections, amongst others. The...

Radiation exposure – what is the optimal imaging modality in the follow-up of patients with urinary tract calculi?

Cumulative radiation dose is an important consideration in the nephrolithiasis patient population. Exposure to ionising radiation is known to be harmful and is associated with an increased risk of malignancy. Understanding radiation doses is necessary to make informed decisions regarding...