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SMILE: sustaining medical education in a lockdown environment
2020 posed challenges to medical education like never seen before. In an effort to contain and slow the spread of coronavirus all UK medical schools ceased or reduced face-to-face contact. This sudden, and for many, unexpected change resulted in pressures...Dietary citrate substitution in urolithiasis patients
Stone formation is dependent on supersaturation of urinary salts and urinary crystal retention. Urinary promoters (protein aggregates, cell debris) and inhibitors (citrate, magnesium, urinary macromolecules such as glycosaminoglycans and proteins) are involved in the process of stone formation [1]. Hypocitraturia...ICS updates on continence care: making sense of detrusor underactivity and the underactive bladder
Countless epidemiological studies have established the frequent occurrence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and the significant burden these symptoms incur. For the most part of the past three decades, there has been an overwhelming focus on detrusor overactivity (DO)...Neurourology
Case 1 What are the urological indications for use of this medication? What is the mechanism of action when used in the bladder? What is the average duration of action? What are the contraindications to the use of this medication?...
Campbell-Walsh Urology 11th Edition Review, 2nd Edition
Available separately to the four-volume Campbell-Walsh Urology (11th edition), is this Review edition. The hard copy appears substantial and roughly the same size as the other volumes, and is perhaps best considered the final volume and test of knowledge acquisition...
Clean catch urine from babies – the ‘quick wee method’
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in children and babies and can lead to urosepsis, renal scarring and chronic kidney disease. As per American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines, urine samples are a must in febrile / unwell infants even if...
Comparison of the microbiological milieu of CIC patients
Children performing clean intermittent catheterisation (CIC) have a higher risk of bacteriuria. This occasionally can lead to full urinary tract infection (UTI) which can influence long-term renal function. Hydrophilic catheters are said to be less traumatic to the urothelium and...
Antibiotics and flexible cystoscopy
This study is from Memorial Sloan-Kettering Hospital in New York, USA. Thousands of flexible cystoscopies are performed every day worldwide. Do they need antibiotic cover? Flexible cystoscopy may cause urinary tract infection (UTI) in less than 10% of cases. Asymptomatic...
