You searched for "tract"
Pacemakers in the upper urinary tract
This is an interesting study from Italy. The mechanism by which urine is transported from the kidney to the bladder via the upper urinary tract (UUT) remains poorly understood and elusive. For many years, pyeloureteric rhythmicity is thought to arise...Upper Tract Developmental Abnormalities
Case 1 1. What is the abnormality and how common is it? 2. What is the embryological origin? 3. With what other conditions can this be associated? Case 2 1. What is the diagnosis and how common is it? 2....Urinary tract stones
Case 1 What does this plain X-ray of kidneys, ureters and bladder (KUB) show? What, according to the 2009 The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines, is the most appropriate first-line treatment? What factors do the NICE...Upper tract abnormalities
Case 1 Figure 1. A 26-year-old female presents to A&E with loin pain. What do the CT images in Figures 1 (left, centre and right) show? What is the prevalence of the congenital anomaly in the general population, and is...Challenges of upper tract urothelial carcinoma
Upper tract uroepithelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a fairly common disease which traditionally had poorer outcomes compared to bladder cancer. This is due to various factors leading to delayed diagnosis and problems in risk stratification. Continuing efforts have focused on early...
Recurrent urinary tract infections in women
This review article defined women who had recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) as having either ≥ two episodes in the last six months or ≥ three episodes in the last 12 months. Using a number of databases, including the Cochrane...The burning issue of urinary tract infections
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur when bacteria colonise and proliferate in the urinary tract. These are characterised by specific clinical symptoms (dysuria, suprapubic tenderness, urgency and urinary frequency) which commonly occur alongside the finding of bacteriuria. UTIs are common –...Endoscopic management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma
Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare disease accounting for 5-10% of all urothelial carcinomas and has an annual incidence in Western countries of 1-2 per 100,000 [1,2]. It occurs more commonly in the pelvicalyceal system as opposed to...Management of lower urinary tract foreign bodies
Of all the urological emergencies presenting to the emergency department, perhaps one of the most technically challenging cases is the patient with a foreign body in the genitourinary (GU) tract. A wide variety of GU foreign bodies have been reported...
Urinary tract infections and antibiotics – the debate goes on
A large number of hospital patients and primary care patients suffer from recurrent urinary tract infection (UTI) and urosepsis. Some of these patients end up in intensive care units with multi-organ failure. New draft guidance from the National Institute for...
